2005年7月自考《公共英语二》模拟试题(二)

1．One way to preserve species ______ the threat of extinction is to remove them to zoos and parks.　 A．in B．on C．under D．with [解析]考点是固定搭配under the threat of 在….的威胁下。 2．Although she didn't mention any names, everyone knew who she was ______ to.　 A．meant B．regarding C．investigation D．referring [解析]词组refer to 指的是…. ；mean to 企图 ；regard 认为； investigation 调查 3．I was surprised to find that the computer could ______ a vast number of different tasks.　A．perform B．create C．display D．explain [解析]perform做，完成，屡行perform tasks 完成任务； create 创造；display 显示，展示； explain解释。 4．The computer has brought about surprising technological changes ______ we organize and produce information.　 A．in a way B．in the way C．in that way D．in no way [解析]in the way 在….方面；in a way 从某种意义上说，在某种程度上；in that way 以那种方式；in no way决不， 一点也不。 5．The French pianist who had been praised very highly ______ to be a great disappointment.　 A．turned up B．turned out C．turned in D．turned down [解析]turn out 结果证明是，结果是。 turn up 出现；turn in 上交；出卖；turn down 拒绝。这句话的意思是：那个曾经受到很高评价的法国钢琴家结果却令人大失所望。 6．It was difficult to guess what her ______ to the news would be.　A．impression B．reaction C．comment D．opinion [解析]本题是词汇辨析题，reaction反应（后接介词to ,意思是“对….的反应”，这句话的意思是：难说她对这个消息会有怎样的反应。impression 印象（后接of,about或on , 意义为“对….的印象”；comment 评论(后接介词on , upon 或about)；opinion 评价（后接介词of,about或on） 7．______ is known to the world, Mark Twain is a great American writer.　 A．That B．Which C．As D．It [解析]本题是语法结构题，考点是as引导的定语从句。这句话的意思是：众所周知，马克.吐温是一位伟大的美国作家。As 引导的定语从句经常和such , same 等词连用，或经常用在as is known to us, as is expected , as might be expected , as is often the case 等句型中。 8．Evidence came up ______ specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6 months old.　A．what B．which C．that D．whose [解析]本题是语法结构题，考点是that引导的同位语从句，先行词是evidence。这句话的意思是： 有证据表明，出生仅6个月的婴儿就能辨别一定的语音。同位语从句与先行词是等同关系，先行词多为表示事实、看法、思想、消息等的名词。常见的有：fact, idea, belief, thought, hope, evidence, doubt, news等。 9．The robots used in nuclear power plants can prevent human personnel from being ______ to radiation.　 A．released B．disclosed C．revealed D．exposed [解析]本题是词汇辨析题，考点是expose….to使…暴露于…；使….接触….；本题的意思是：在核工厂使用的机器人可以使人不接触辐射。prevent…. from doing sth. 阻止某人不…..; release释放； disclose 泄露，揭露； reveal 揭示 10．______, they began to get down to business.　 A．The holidays are over B．The holidays were over C．The holidays being over D．The holidays had been over Ⅱ.Cloze Test American business is based on the profit motive.So make no mistake. The company you work 11 will have some method of measuring employee productivity. Your future there will depend on 12 you rate. 　　Productivity is relatively easy to measure in some cases.13 a college student, your overall productivity was measured by your grade point average. Hourly workers, 14 assembly line operators,are usually measured by the 15 of items produced in a given amount of time. Measuring the productivity of some service and management personnel is 16 difficult because of the many factors to be considered. 　　New employees are 17 expected to perform at their maximum potential.A break - in period is allowed, 18 can be several weeks, depending on the job.By the time of your first performance evaluation, you should 19 average productivity. Then you should try to reach your 20. 　　11．A．for 　　B．out 　　C．to 　　D．on 　 　　 　　答案：A 　　[解析]You work for是定语从句修饰The company, work for 的意思是为…工作。这句话的意思是：你为之工作的公司会有一些测量员工工作效率的方法。 12．A．what 　　B．how 　　C．where 　　D．when 　 　　 　　答案：B 　　［解析］在这个句子中rate 动词，意思是评价、评估的意思。Depend on后面用宾语从句做介词on 的宾语。本句话的意思是：你的未来将取决于你是怎样评价的。 13．A．For 　　B．with 　　C．To 　　D．As 　 　　 　　答案：D 　　［解析］As a college student作为一个大学生，在这个句子中as做介词。 14．A．except for 　　B．such as 　　C．in addition to 　　D．as well as 　 　　 　　答案：B 　　［解析］such as 是例如的意思，表示举例说明。except for 的意思是除了，除…之外，in addition to 意思也是除了，除…之外，as well as 表示“也”“以及” 15．A．Aquality 　　B．figure 　　C．sum 　　D．whole 　 　　 　　答案：C 　　［解析］quality意思是质量，figure 数字，数；sum总计，合计、总数；whole 整个，整体。这句话的意思是：小时工，比如集中生产线的操作工，他们通常是以单位时间里所生产的产品总数来衡量工作效率。 16．A．more 　　B．less 　　C．the same 　　D．similarly 　 　　 　　答案：A 　　［解析］此处要填一个比较级，根据上下文的意思我们可以判断出要填more ，这句话的意思是：衡量服务人员和管理人员的工作效率就更难了，因为有许多因素要考虑。 17．A．never 　　B．rarely 　　C．often 　　D．always 　 　　 　　答案：B 　　［解析］根据上下文我们可以知道，一般开始时几乎不要求新员工充分发挥潜力，等到第一次评估以后才要求新员工要尽量发挥潜力，因此选rarely 。 18．A．it 　　B．that 　　C．which 　　D．what 　 　　 　　答案： 　　［解析］which 引导了非限定性定语从句，that 不能引导非限定性定语从句。 19．A．reach 　　B．have reached 　　C．be reaching 　　D．be reached 　　答案：B 　　［解析］should have reached 是情态动词的完成形式，从上下文看，有一个非常明显的词By the time ,一般句子中有这个词，那么句子的时态经常用完成时。 20．A．destination 　　B．objective 　　C．potential 　　D．conclusion Ⅲ．Reading Comprehension Bill Gates' childhood friends recognized that he was exceptional. Bill especially liked swimming and other sports.One of his summer camp friends recalled, “He was never a nerd or a goof（傻瓜、笨蛋）or the kind of kid you didn’t want your team.We all knew Bill was smarter than us. Even back then, when he was nine or ten years old, he talked like an adult and could express himself in ways that none of us understood.” 　　Bill was also well ahead of his classmates in mathematics and science. He needed to go to a school that challenged（向…挑战）him.Lakeside was Seattle's best school and was noted for its rigorous（严厉的）academic demands, a place where “even the dumb kids were smart.” 　　Lakeside allowed students to pursue their own interests, to whatever extent they wished.The school prided itself on making conditions and facilities available that would enable all its students to reach their full potential. It was the ideal environment for someone like Bill Gates. 　　In 1968, the school made a decision that would change thirteen-year-old Bill Gates’ life and that of many of others, too. 　　At Lakeside the students gained access to a computer-a Program Data processor(PDP)-through a teletype machine. Type in a few instructions on the teletype machine and a few seconds later the PDP would type back its response. Bill Gates was immediately hooked and so was his best friend at the time, Kent Evans, and another student, Paul Allen, who was two years older than Bill. 　　Whenever they had free time, and sometimes when they didn't, they would dash over to the computer room to use the machine.At fourteen, Bill was already writing short programs for the computer to perform. Early games programs such as Tic-Tac-Toe, or Noughts and Crosses, and Lunar Landing were written in what was to become Bill’s second language, BASIC. 　　One of the reasons Bill was so good at programming is because it is mathematical and logical. During his time at Lakeside, Bill scored a perfect eight hundred on a mathematics test. 　　21. The first paragraph tells us that little Bill Gates ______. 　　A．was different from other children 　　B．had a smarter mind than other children of the same age 　　C．couldn't be understood by his friends and even his parents 　　D．was difficult of approach 　 　　 　　答案：B 　　[解析]此题是细节题。根据文章第一段He was never a nerd or a goof or the kind of kid you didn’t want your team. We all knew Bill was smarter than us. 此句意思是：他从来不是笨蛋或傻瓜，也不是那种你不想与之游玩的人。大家都清楚比尔比我们都聪明。选项A没有说明他确切的不同之处，其它两个选项均不符合原文内容。 22．Bill Gates chose Lakeside to go to NOT because______. 　　A．it had excellent education in Seattle 　　B．it had an exceptional concept that was to develop students' potential as much as possible 　　C．it provided conditions and equipment necessary for students 　　D．it had decided to admit him 　 　　 　　答案： D 　　［解析］此题是细节题。根据文章第二、三段我们可以知道Lakeside湖滨学校以它严厉的学术要求而著称，另外还允许学生发展自己的兴趣，最大限度地挖掘学生的潜力。Bill was also well ahead of his classmates in mathematics and science.He needed to go to a school that challenged（向…挑战）him. 此句意思是：比尔在数学方面也领先于其他同学，他需要上一所具有挑战性的学校。从该句我们可判断D不对，正是他的优秀,学校才决定录取他。 23． It can be inferred from the passage that ______. 　　A．Lakeside was a milestone in the course of Bill Gates' success 　　B．Bill pursued his interest in mathematics at Lakeside 　　C．Bill began to do programming like some early games known 　　D．Bill's success is due to his mathematical and logical mind 　 　　 　　答案：A 　　［解析］从inferred一词得知此题是推理题，该题型首先排除文章原文字面提到的内容。我们可根据全文推理出湖滨学校在比尔·盖茨的成功过程中是一个里程碑（举足轻重），另外In 1968, the school made a decision that would change thirteen-year-old Bill Gates’life and that of many of others, too.也可说明正是湖滨学校的这一决定改变了十三岁的比尔·盖茨的生活，故应选A。 24．The word “hooked” most probably refers to ______. 　　A．dependant 　　B．caught by a curved thing 　　C．having a great liking for 　　D．curving 　 　　 　　答案：C 　　［解析］此题是语义题。主要测试考生通过上下文理解词语的综合判断能力，备选答案中三个干扰项从不同角度对该词进行似是而非的改写。hook作为名词表示“（钓）钩”,作动词表“用钩钩住”，从下文Whenever they had free time, and sometimes when they didn’t, they would dash over to the computer room to use the machine可猜出hooked指的是“着迷的”。故C对。 25． The passage is mainly discussing ____. 　　A．Bill Gates' boyhood 　　B．Lakeside School 　　C．Bill Gates 　　D．Bill Gates and Lakeside Ⅳ.Reading Comprehension From the earliest times there are records of dolphins(海豚) helping and caring for men. Although they can even kill sharks, they have never been known to attack a human being,rather they have helped men in difficulty on the sea. Dolphins' brains are 30 percent larger than those of people, and are equally complex. During experiments dolphins have learnt to perform tasks that require logical reasoning, so their intelligence is unquestionable.Furthermore, fossil evidence reveals that they have had their larger brains for thirty million years, compared to around a million years for man. 　　The dolphin ancestors lived upon the land, and dolphins are mammals（哺乳动物） like us, they feed their babies on milk, and breathe air like us. They appear to care for each other, for example if a dolphin is ill, its companions will help it up to the air so that it can breathe. The sounds they make also appear to be some kind of communication. 　　It seems that we have discovered an animal that may be close to us in intelligence, and furthermore one that is friendly, co-operative,and which has emotions similar to our own. How do we treat these animals? So far man has killed six million dolphins, and every year tens of thousands more are killed. 　　26. Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage? 　　A．Dolphins are human beings' best friends. 　　B．Dolphins have larger brains than that of human beings. 　　C．Dolphins are as clever as human beings.

　　D．Dolphins are quite close to human beings in many ways. 　 　　 　　答案： D 　　［解析］此题是要旨题，提问的是文章的中心大意。就自学考试而言，文章或段落的主旨通常以主题句的形式出现。那么如何辨别主题句呢？文章的主题句一般是文章的第一句，但有时也出现在文章的中部或甚至文章尾部。本篇文章的主题句即出现在第三自然段的开头。在这篇文章中，作者在第一自然段中谈到了海豚的智力跟人类的十分相似，在第二自然段中又谈到海豚的生活方式跟人类的也有很多相似之处。故D是正确答案。 27．We can learn from the first paragraph that ______ ? 　　A．Dolphins have smaller brains than that of men. 　　B．Dolphins have had their intelligence not as long as men. 　　C．Dolphins have had their intelligence thirty times as long as men. 　　D．Dolphins are much more clever than men. 　 　　 　　答案：C 　　［解析］这是一个细节理解题，考的是第一自然段中的一个细节。第一自然段的前部分讲到“Dolphins’brains are 30 percent larger than those of people, and are equally complex.”（海豚的大脑比人类的大30%，而且跟人类大脑的复杂程度差不多），故A），D）均不正确。第一段最后一句话讲到“fossil（化石）evidence reveals that they have had their larger brains for thirty million years, compared to around a million years for man.”（从海豚的化石证据显示，他们拥有这么大型的头脑已有3千万年的历史了，而我们人类的头脑只有一百万年的历史。）C为正确答案。 28．It can be inferred from the passage that_____. 　　A．Dolphins' brains are much larger and more complicated than that of men. 　　B．Dolphins are able to display the ability of reasoning. 　　C．Dolphins can play music like human beings. 　　D．Dolphins often held their babies up to breathe fresh air. 　 　　 　　答案：B 　　［解析］从inferred一词得知此题是推理题。此题的推理依据是文章第一段，“During experiments dolphins have learnt to perform tasks that require logical reasoning”（在实验过程中，海豚们学会了做那些需要逻辑推理才能完成的工作）。由此我们可以判断出，海豚是能够有推理能力的，故选B。 29．Which of the following is true according to the passage? 　　A．Though dolphin is a kind of fish, it can breathe air like us. 　　B．Dolphins often kill sharks for food. 　　C．Dolphins probably communicate with each other through a kind of sound. 　　D．Dolphins have formed their own groups and they help only the members in the same group. 　 　　 　　答案：C 　　［解析］这是一个细节理解题，从第二段的最后一句可以得知“The sounds they make also appear to be some kind of communication.”（他们发出的声音似乎就是一种交流的方式），故应选C。 30．What would the next paragraph probably talk about? 　　A．Why dolphins are as intelligent as human beings. 　　B．How the dolphins help and care men in modern times. 　　C．How the dolphins were killed for commercial purposes and what we should do to protect them 　　D．What more discoveries scientists have made about dolphins. Ⅴ．Reading Comprehension That “Monday morning feeling” could be a crushing pain in the chest which leaves you sweating and gasping for breathe.Recent research from Germany and Italy shows that heart attacks are more common on Monday mornings and doctors blame the stress of returning to work after the weekend break. 　　The risk of having a heart attack on any given day should be one in seven, but a six-year study revealed that the average person had a 20 per cent higher chance of having a heart attack on a Monday than on any other day.Working Germans are particularly vulnerable(敏感的，脆弱的), with a 33 percent higher risk at the beginning of the working week. Non-workers, by comparison, appear to be no more at risk on a Monday than any other day. Another study of 11,000 Italians identified 8 am. on a Monday morning as the most stressful time for the heart. and both studies showed that Sunday is the least stressful day, with fewer heart attacks in both countries. The research also indicates that the Monday morning peak seems to be consistent from northern Germany to southern Italy in spite of the differences in diet and lifestyle. 　　The findings could lead to a better understanding of what triggers（触发，激起）heart attacks, according to Dr. Stefan Willich. “We know a lot about long-term risk factors such as smoking and cholesterol（胆固醇）but we don’t know what actually triggers heart attacks, so we can't make specific recommendations about how to prevent them,” he said.However, he suggests that anyone who suffers from heart disease should take it easy on Monday mornings and leave potentially stressful meetings until midweek. 　　31. What is the main idea of the passage? 　　A．Monday morning is always painful. 　　B．Monday morning triggers heart attack. 　　C．There are more heart attacks on Monday mornings. 　　D．There is more stress on Monday mornings. 　 　　 　　答案：C 　　［解析］此题是要旨题，提问的是文章的中心大意。要旨题的目的在于考查学生对文章中心思想的理解程度和区别主要信息和次要信息的能力。要旨是一篇文章的核心，是作者写作意图的体现，其表现形式因体裁不同而不同。就自学考试而言，文章的要旨通常以主题句的形式出现，并且文章的主题句通常出现在文章的开头部分。本文就属此类文章。本文的主题句出现在第一段第二句话，故C是正确答案。 32．Who are more likely to have heart attacks on Monday mornings according to the study? 　　A．researchers 　　B．Italians 　　C．non-workers 　　D．working Germans 　 　　 　　答案：D 　　［解析］这是一个细节理解题，答案可以从文中第二段直接找到。作者在第二段中具体介绍了研究的结果。研究的对象是德国人和意大利人，研究表明，工作的德国人在周一心脏病的发作机率是最高的，不工作的德国人周一和平时没有什么不同；对意大利人的研究指出周一早上八点是最危险的时间点。由此可知，D为正确答案。 33．Which of the following is true according to the passage? 　　A．The risk of having heart attacks on Monday mornings is the same as on any other day of the week to non-workers 　　B．33% of the Germans have heart diseases, therefore heart attacks are more common in Germany than in any other country. 　　C．20%of the Italians appear to have higher possibility of having heart attacks. 　　D．Non-smokers are more likely to have heart attacks on Sundays. 　 　　 　　答案：A 　　［解析］这是一个细节判断题，此题依据是第二段中的一句话“Non-workers,by comparison, appear to be no more at risk on a Monday than any other day.”，此句意思是：比较而言，对不工作的人来说，周一不比其它日子更危险。 34．What can be inferred from the study? 　　A．The study shows that Monday mornings are usually more stressful than any other day of the week. 　　B．The findings indicate that it is the Monday morning stress that triggers the heart attack. 　　C．The study shows that diet and lifestyle would not affect the height of heart attacks on Monday mornings. 　　D．The findings indicate that the number of heart attacks on Monday mornings is different in different countries. 　 　　 　　答案：C 　　［解析］从inferred一词得知此题是推理题，这种题型需借助于原文已知信息进行推理。此题的推理依据是文章第二段最后一句话：“…the Monday morning peak seems to be consistent from northern Germany to southern Italy in spite of the differences in diet and lifestyle.”（尽管饮食和生活方式不一样，周一的心脏病高峰看起来从德国北部到意大利南部是一样的。）据此可推理出，应选C。 35. What suggestion does Dr. Willich make according to the passage? 　　A．People should not work on Monday mornings. 　　B．People who have heart diseases should not do stressful work on Monday mornings. 　　C．People could smoke to lighten the stress of work. 　　D．People who have heart diseases should take more medicines on Monday mornings Ⅴ．Reading Comprehension 36．承担责任的a. r______ 　 　　 　　答案：responsible 37. 经济学 n. e______ 　 　　 　　答案：economics 38．促进；提升 v. p______ 　 　　 　　答案：promote 39. 韵律 n. r______ 　 　　 　　答案：rhythm 40. 欣赏，鉴赏 v. a______ 　 　　 　　答案：appreciation 41．近似的，大约的a.. a______ 　 　　 　　答案：approximate 42. 忽视，忽略 v. n______ 　 　　 　　答案：neglect 43. 细节 n. d______ 　 　　 　　答案：detail 44. 志愿者 n. v______ 　 　　 　　答案：volunteer 45. 心理学 n. p______ 　 　　 　　答案：psychology 46. 强迫 v. c______ 　 　　 　　答案：compel 47. 排除 v. e______ 　 　　 　　答案：eliminate 48. 不赞成 n. d_______ 　 　　 　　答案：disapproval 49. 怀疑，推测 v. s______ 　 　　 　　答案：suspect 50. 捕获 v. c______ 　 　　 　　答案：capture 51．个性，人格 n. p______ 　 　　 　　答案：personality 52. 个人简历 n. r______ 　 　　 　　答案：resume 53. 移民 n. i______ 　 　　 　　答案：immigrant 54. 证书 n. d______ 　 　　 　　答案：diploma 55. 预算 vhttps://www.exam8.com/xueli/zikao/monishiti/200506/n. b______ Ⅵ．Reading Comprehension 56．Women ______ (look) down upon in the past. 　 　　 　　答案：were looked 　　［解析］本道题中有一个明显的过去时的时间状语in the past, 因此用过去时，而且是被动语态，这句话的意思是：过去妇女被轻视。 57．The number of animals used in laboratory tests ______(decline) over the last 20 years. 　 　　 　　答案：has declined 　　［解析］现在完成时， 这个句子中有一个明显的表示完成时的时间状语 over the last 20 years , 因此看到有类似这样的时间状语，谓语动词一般都是现在完成时。 58．It is essential that all the facts _______ (examine) first. 　 　　 　　答案：be examined 　　［解析］在It is + 形容词（一般经常包括：essential , necessary, important, natural,imperative, desirable, better,vital 等）+ that 从句中， 从句的谓语动词用虚拟语气，形式是（should）+ 动词原形，should可以省略掉。be examined 是被动形式。这句话的意思是： 必要的是所有的事实应先被检查。 59．______ (compare) with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all. 　 　　 　　答案：compared 　　［解析］过去分词做状语， 分词做状语是用现在分词还是用过去分词，关键在于分词与主句主语之间的关系。主谓关系用现在分词，动宾关系用过去分词。这句话的意思是：和整个地球大小相比，地球上最高的山看来一点也不高。 60．In 1991, Bush’s approval rating reached 91 percent, the ______(high) level recorded since polling began in 1930's. 　 　　 　　答案：highest 　　［解析］形容词的最高级形式，一般在做word form 这道题时，如果遇到形容词的话，一般都考察形容词的比较级或最高级。 61． Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I ______(follow) your advice. 　 　　 　　答案：had followed 　　［解析］虚拟语气，在if only后的句子里，谓语动词一般用虚拟语气形式是和wish后面的句子用法一样，即：表示现在的或将来不可能实现的愿望谓语动词用过去时，表示过去的愿望用过去完成时。这句话的意思是：看看我现在的糟糕的状况，要是我以前接受你的建议就好了。 62． A Dream of the Red Chamber is said ______(translate) into dozens of languages in the last decade. 　 　　 　　答案：to have been translated 　　［解析］句型….is/was said/thought/reported/believed to do sth. 这个句子用了动词不定式的完成式表示动作是在谓语所表示的动作之前发生。这句话的意思是：据说《红楼梦》在过去的10年中已经翻译成数十种语言。 63．He had no other choice but ______ (sit) there killing time . 　 　　 　　答案：to sit 　　［解析］do nothing/anything/everything but(except) , 等结构中，后面的不定式不带to ; 若谓语不是“do”，but 或except 所跟的不定式带to。比较：He had nothing to do except /but sit there killing time.和 He had no other choice but to sit there killing time. 64．It’s no use ______ (discuss) the problem any further now. 　 　　 　　答案：discussing 　　［解析］句型 It's no use doing sth. 65．Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was busy ______ (prepare) for her examination. Ⅶ. Translation from Chinese into English 66．她感到难以适应国外的生活。 　 　　 　　答案：She found it difficult to adapt herself to the life in a foreign country. 　　[解析]在翻译这个句子时注意结构 sb. find it + 形容词 + to do sth. it 是形式宾语。另外还有一个得分点词组adapt oneself to …. ，注意这个to 是介词。 67．我更喜欢乡村，因为它更接近自然。 　 　　 　　答案：I like the country better in that it is closer to nature. 　　[解析]这个句子的一个得分点是in that 引导的一个原因状语从句。当然如果这个句子没有想到用in that 来翻译的话，那么用because 也还可以。另外注意“更接近自然”的翻译方法, 要用比较级。 68．他对我们所说的在很大程度上是一种幻觉而不是真实的东西。 　 　　 　　答案：What he told us was more of an illusion than a reality. 　　[解析]本句的翻译关键是more …. than 结构“与其….不如”，另外还要注意“他对我们所说的”这个主语从句的翻译。这个句子还可以用not so much …. as 来翻译，但翻译时要注意与more…. than结构的区别。 What he told us was not so much a reality as an illusion . 69．他没说一声就走了，真是让人没法相信。 　 　　 　　答案：It's unbelievable that he has left without telling us. 　　[解析]这个句子的翻译重点是主语从句的翻译，另外注意without 是介词，后面要用动名词。 70．没有什么能使我这样烦恼。 　 　　 　　答案：There is nothing that troubles me so much. 　　[解析]这个句子注意There be 句型中定语从句的翻译。